[heavy]Three awards! Three achievements of our school won the 2018 national science and technology award
01/09/2019
Source: nannon-njau NEWS
Author: propaganda department of the party committee
On January 8, the 2018 national science and technology awards conference was held in the great hall of the people. Our school won three awards, including one second prize for national technology invention and two second prizes for national science and technology progress. "Chrysanthemum excellent germplasm creation and breeding of new varieties" won the second prize of national technology invention, "pear high-quality early and medium mature new varieties breeding and efficient breeding technology innovation", "the discovery and industrialization application of new selective target of cyanobacterium fungicide" won the second prize of national science and technology progress.
Among them, Chen fadi, director of chrysanthemum research group, distinguished professor of changjiang scholars and horticulture college of nanjing agricultural university led the team to collect and preserve 5,109 chrysanthemum and related species and genera successively, ranking the first in the world in the number of preserved chrysanthemums after more than 20 years of accumulation. 78 excellent resistance germplasm were identified. It was first discovered that artemisia aurantii and subdivided chrysanthemum were the best germplasm for resistance to aphid and cold. Pioneering based on controlled pollination, ovule rescue and hybrid multicolor genomic in situ hybridization between resistant germplasm identification of chrysanthemum is a created technology, create belong to between resistant germplasm using marker-assisted selection and combination of chrysanthemum efficient breeding technology, based on this, break through the resistance and color, shape, plant-type traits such as comprehensive improvement, the first bred green, table tennis and wind models such as the high quality high new strange chrysanthemum varieties 49, for chrysanthemum varieties update and industrial upgrading in China made an important contribution. It is worth mentioning that in recent years, the team has not only deeply cultivated the basic research of chrysanthemum, but also actively oriented to the main battlefield of industrial economy, carried out targeted poverty alleviation, activated the farmyard economy, and helped rural income increase and farmers get rich. Among them, the chrysanthemum industry poverty alleviation in majang, guizhou province was selected as one of the top ten cases of targeted poverty alleviation by the ministry of education. The "chrysanthemum garden" model created by the team has been promoted and duplicated in more than 20 provinces and cities across the country, playing an important role in the construction of beautiful countryside and the development of leisure tourism and agriculture in China.
The achievements of "selection and breeding of high-quality early and medium-ripening new varieties of pears and high-efficiency breeding technology innovation" developed by the national pear industry system chief scientist and professor zhang shaoling's team from nanjing agricultural university solved the package technical problems of "delicious and good-looking varieties of pears", one of China's three major fruits: For pear family depicts a full details of the "family tree", creating the world covering the most abundant ecotypes of pear germplasm repository, and based on the pear whole genome to reveal the molecular genetic basis of pear molecular mapping with important traits, the accurate location decision each variety when flowering, when as a result, the fruit flavor, fruit shape "genes becomes big small become beautiful", "customs code" master control these traits, create pear efficient marker-assisted selection and distant hybridization breeding system, applied to the breeding practice, in the pear tree seedling period, you can choose the required properties as in the cafeteria, In this way, a large amount of breeding time and land can be saved, and breeding efficiency can be effectively improved. Four new varieties of pear with high quality, early maturity, medium maturity and characteristic have been developed, and the structure of pear varieties has been optimized. The "precise pear planting" to the extreme, the innovation of pear quality and efficiency cultivation technology, the invention of inverted "individual" shape high light efficiency new tree, pear tree liquid pollination and other technologies, to achieve a good variety of supporting methods, effectively promote the pear industry technological progress and pear farmers increase production and income, accelerate the pear farmers to the well-off process.
Professor zhou mingguo's team from the school of plant protection, nanjing agricultural university found that myosin 5, an extremely important new target of fungicides, can be "targeted" by cyanobacterium cyanobacterium, a new fungicide with independent intellectual property rights, to precisely prevent and control fusarium scab, which causes wheat scab and rice seedling disease. The results also proved the myosin differentiation regularity, the potential risk of drug resistance were controllable forecast and analysis, and on this basis, developed with myosin inhibitors cyanide ene bacteria ester as the core technology of synergistic compound preparation and application technology of form a complete set, effective play an expanding antibacterial spectrum, governance, drug-resistant bacteria, control the sickle toxin, promote healthy crops growth, solved the sickle fungus diseases difficult problem of the prevention and control of the world. In addition, on the basis of exploring the resistance mechanism of traditional bactericide carbendazim, the team also invented LAMP, a simple, fast and high-throughput method for real-time detection of drug resistance, and constructed a new strategy for demonstration and promotion in areas where carbendazim resistance is severe. The application of cyanolate in 10 provinces and autonomous regions of China to prevent and control wheat scab and rice seedling disease and its effect and yield increase are in stark contrast to the use of traditional pesticides such as polyfungicide and imidazamide, which accelerate the application of the results. This achievement constructs a new pattern of systematic innovation of pesticide from basic research to applied technology research and development, and realizes a major breakthrough in the original innovation of pesticide in China.
"This is the first time in ntu's history that three achievements have won the grand prize together. The award timing coincides with the 40th anniversary of the reopening of the school, marking a milestone in the school's history. It is also a vivid example of nanjing agricultural university teachers' practice of serving agriculture, rural areas and farmers, and science and technology supporting the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy. Our school vice principal yan-feng ding told reporters that since 2011, our first complete unit of national science and technology reward number 11, including technical invention in 4, 7 items progress prize in science and technology, the content of these work disciplines distribution reflects the research characteristics of the school and discipline superiority, but also the active docking school researchers national agriculture and rural areas and the strategy of rejuvenating rural modernization, in the course of building "double top" hard, unremitting pursuit of the academic peak, writing a paper on the ground at the same time.
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